Ithusi Elingenawo Umoya-mpilo
Ithusi elibomvu line-conductivity enhle kagesi kanye ne-thermal conductivity, i-plasticity enhle kakhulu, ukucubungula okulula kokushisa nokubandayo, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwenzeni izintambo zikagesi, izintambo, amabhulashi kagesi, ithusi lenhlansi kagesi neminye imikhiqizo edinga ukuqhutshwa kahle kukagesi.
Ama-alloys ethusi asetshenziswa ngokuvamile ahlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu: ithusi, ithusi, ne-curonickel.Ithusi elihlanzekile insimbi ensomi-bomvu, eyaziwa ngokuthi "ithusi elibomvu", "ithusi elibomvu" noma "ithusi elibomvu".Ithusi elibomvu noma ithusi elibomvu liqanjwe ngombala walo onsomi-obomvu.Akuyona ngempela ithusi elimsulwa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi inani elincane lezakhi ze-deoxidizing noma ezinye izakhi ziyengezwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe umsebenzi nokusebenza.
Ngakho-ke ithusi elibomvu liphinde lihlukaniswe njenge-alloy yethusi.Izinto zokucubungula zethusi zaseChina zingahlukaniswa zibe: ithusi elivamile (T1, T2, T3, T4), ithusi elingenawo umoya-mpilo (TU1, TU2 kanye nokuhlanzeka okuphezulu, ithusi elingenawo umoya-mpilo we-vacuum), ithusi eline-deoxidized (TUP, TUMn), enezela inani elincane le-alloy Izinhlobo ezine zethusi elikhethekile le-arsenic (ithusi le-arsenic, ithusi le-tellurium, ithusi lesiliva).I-conductivity kagesi kanye ne-thermal conductivity yethusi ingeyesibili kuphela kunesiliva, futhi isetshenziselwa kabanzi ukwenza imishini kagesi neyokushisa.Ithusi elibomvu likwazi ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle emkhathini, emanzini olwandle, amanye ama-asidi angewona oxidizing (i-hydrochloric acid, i-dilute sulfuric acid), i-alkali, isixazululo sikasawoti kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ze-organic acid (i-acetic acid, i-citric acid)
Ithusi linokusetshenziswa okubanzi kakhulu kunensimbi emsulwa.Njalo ngonyaka, i-50% yethusi ihlanzwa ngogesi ibe yithusi elihlanzekile, elisetshenziswa embonini kagesi.Ikhopha ebomvu eshiwo lapha idinga ngempela ukuba msulwa kakhulu, ibe nethusi elingaphezu kuka-99.95%.Inani elincane kakhulu lokungcola, ikakhulukazi i-phosphorus, i-arsenic, i-aluminium, njll., izonciphisa kakhulu ukuqhutshwa kwethusi.Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni zikagesi, ezokwakha isitimu nezimboni zamakhemikhali, ikakhulukazi amabhodi esekethe kagesi aphrintiwe, imicu yethusi yokuvikela izintambo, amakhushini omoya, amatheminali ebhasi;amaswishi kagesi, izibambi zamapeni, namabhodi ophahleni.Imboni yokukhiqiza isikhunta idla inani elikhulu lalokhu, ngaleyo ndlela Kuholela emananini aphezulu.
Isetshenziselwa ukwenza izinto zikagesi ezifana namajeneretha, izinsimbi zamabhasi, izintambo, izinto ezishintshashintshayo, ama-transformer, izinto ezishintsha ukushisa, amapayipi, abaqoqi bamapuleti ayisicaba emishini yokushisisa ilanga nezinye izinto ezibamba ukushisa.Umoya-mpilo wethusi (inani elincane lomoya-mpilo lixutshwa kalula ngesikhathi sokuncibilikiswa kwethusi) linethonya elikhulu ekuqhubekiseni kahle, futhi ithusi elisetshenziswa embonini kagesi kufanele libe yithusi elingenawo umoya-mpilo.Ukwengeza, ukungcola okufana nomthofu, i-antimony, ne-bismuth kuzokwenza amakristalu ethusi angakwazi ukuhlangana ndawonye, okubangela ukufudumala okushisayo, futhi kuzophinde kuthinte ukucubungula kwethusi elihlanzekile.Lolu hlobo lwethusi oluhlanzekile oluhlanzekile luvame ukucwengisiswa nge-electrolysis: ithusi elingcolile (okungukuthi, ithusi le-blister) lisetshenziswa njenge-anode, ithusi elihlanzekile lisetshenziswa njenge-cathode, futhi isisombululo se-copper sulfate sisetshenziswa njenge-electrolyte.Lapho i-current idluliswa, ithusi elingcolile ku-anode liyancibilika kancane kancane, futhi ithusi elihlanzekile likhuphuka kancane kancane ku-cathode.Ithusi elicwengekile ngale ndlela linobumsulwa be-99.99%.
Ibuye isetshenziswe ekukhiqizeni izindandatho ze-motor short-circuit, ama-inductors okushisa kagesi, kanye nezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezinamandla amakhulu, amatheminali ezintambo, nokunye okunjalo.
Iphinde yasetshenziswa efenisha nasemihlobiseni efana nezicabha, amafasitela nezindawo zokubeka izingalo.
Ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu, ukwakheka okuhle, okuqukethwe komoyampilo okuphansi kakhulu.Awekho ama-pores, trachoma, looseness, conductivity kagesi enhle kakhulu, ukunemba okuphezulu kobuso besikhunta se-electro-roded, ngemva kokwelashwa kokushisa, i-electrode ayinakho ukuqondisa, ilungele ukucutshungulwa ngokunemba, futhi inokuhamba kahle kwe-thermal, ukucutshungulwa, i-ductility, futhi ukumelana nokugqwala Linda
