I-Precision Cold Drawn Tube
Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinhloko: Izimoto, izithuthuthu, okokusebenza kwesiqandisi, izingxenye zamanzi, ama-bearings, amasilinda womoya, namanye amakhasimende anezidingo eziphakeme zokunemba kwamapayipi ensimbi, ubushelelezi, ukuhlanzeka, kanye nezakhiwo zemishini.
I-1, isici esiyinhloko sepayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo ukuthi alinawo umthungo oshiselwe futhi lingakwazi ukumelana nokucindezela okukhulu. Umkhiqizo ungaba izingxenye ezimbi kakhulu njenge-cast noma izingxenye ezibandayo.
2, Ipayipi elinembayo elidonswa ngokubanda ngokunembayo liyimbobo engaphakathi, futhi usayizi wodonga lwangaphandle unokubekezelela okuqinile kanye nobulukhuni, futhi ukunemba kuphezulu kakhulu.
Ukuqina okubandayo (noma ukuthambekela kokuqina kwethempelesha ephansi) kwepayipi lensimbi egqamile eligoqeka ngokunemba kuvezwa izinga lokushisa lokuqina lokuqina Tc. Insimbi ehlanzekile ephezulu (0.01% C) ine-Tc engu-100C, futhi ihlanganiswe ngokuphelele ngaphansi kwalokhu kushisa. Iningi lama-elementi engxubevange epayipini lensimbi egqamile eligoqeke ngokunemba liphakamisa izinga lokushisa eliqinile eligoqekayo lepayipi lensimbi egqamile eligoqekile futhi andise ukuthambekela kokuqina okubandayo. Uma i-ductile fracture ingaphezu kwezinga lokushisa legumbi, ukuphuka kwepayipi lensimbi ekhanyayo eligoqekile eligoqekile liyi-dimple fracture, futhi lapho liphuka ngokuphuka kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi, kuwukuphuka kwe-cleavage.
Izizathu zokuncishiswa kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi kwepayipi lensimbi elikhanyayo eligoqelwe ngamakhaza yilezi:
(1) Lapho ukususwa okukhiqizwa umthombo wokugudluza ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa kuvinjwe izithiyo (ezifana nemingcele yokusanhlamvu, okwesibili okulinganayo), ingcindezi yendawo idlula amandla etiyori wepayipi lensimbi elikhanyayo eligoqelwe ngokunemba futhi libangela ama-microcracks.
(2) Ukususwa okuningana okuxhunyiwe kwakha i-microcrack emngceleni wokusanhlamvu.
(3) Ukusabela ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo {110) ezimbili zamabhendi ashelelayo kubangela ukugudluka okungenakunyakaziswa %26lt;010%26gt;, okuyi-microcrack emise okwentshinyela, engahlukana {100} nendiza yokuqhekeka (bona Umfanekiso 1b).
Izinto ezikhulisa ukuhwalala okubandayo kwamapayipi ensimbi acwebezelayo agoqelwe ngokunemba yizi:
(1) Isici sokuqinisa isixazululo esiqinile. I-Phosphorus inyusa izinga lokushisa lokuguquka kwe-toughness-brittle ngokunamandla kakhulu; kukhona futhi i-molybdenum, i-titanium ne-vanadium; uma okuqukethwe kuphansi, kunomphumela omncane, kodwa lapho okuqukethwe kuphezulu, izakhi ezikhulisa izinga lokushisa lokuguquka kwe-toughness-brittle yi-silicon, i-chromium nethusi; nciphisa ukuqina-brittleness Izinga lokushisa lokuguqulwa yi-nickel, futhi izinga lokushisa lokuguqulwa kwe-toughness-brittle yi-manganese.
(2) Izinto ezakha isigaba sesibili. Isici esibaluleke kakhulu se-brittleness ebandayo yokunemba okugoqelwe ngamapayipi ensimbi agqamile anesigaba sesibili yikhabhoni. Ngokukhula kokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kumapayipi ensimbi agqamile agoqeke ngokunemba, okuqukethwe kwe-pearlite ngokunemba okugoqelwe ngamapayipi ensimbi agqamile kuyanda, ngokunyuka okuphakathi kuka-1% wevolumu ye-pearlite. Izinga lokushisa lokuguquka kwe-toughness-brittle likhuphuke ngo-2.2°C ngokwesilinganiso. Umfanekiso 2 ubonisa umthelela wokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kunsimbi ye-ferrite-pearlite ku-brittleness. Ukwengezwa kwezakhi ze-microalloying ezifana ne-titanium, i-niobium ne-vanadium kuzokwakha ama-nitride ahlakazekile noma ama-carbonitrides, okubangela ukuthi izinga lokushisa lokushintsha eliqinile lamapayipi ensimbi acwebezelayo agqitshwe ngokubanda akhuphuke.
(3) Usayizi wokusanhlamvu uthinta izinga lokushisa lokuguquka kwe-toughness-brittle. Njengoba okusanhlamvu kuhwalala, izinga lokushisa lokuguquka kwe-toughness-brittle liyakhuphuka. Ukucwenga okusanhlamvu kunciphisa ukuthambekela kokubanda okubanda kwamapayipi ensimbi agqamile agoqeke ngokunemba, okuyindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu.
